Present value
Present discount rate is considered to be the current worth of a particular future sum of money together with its flow in a specified rate of return. The discount rate determines the proper way to value future flow of cash. The discounted value theory is demonstrated by the act of investing now is more worth than investing later. The investment will generate more income and will have increased its value in the coming years.
Personal discount rate = $1000 * (1 + 0.045) ^ -1 = 0.95694
Personal discount rate = 0.95694
Discounted rate of 4.5% is the most accurate rate as it indicates expected increase future value. The rate shows the sum of time value together with relevant rates on interest which contribute to future increase in absolute or nominal terms. A capital provider is able to settle on fair mount through the discounted rates on future obligations and earnings relating them to the present value.
References
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ks33lMoxst 0 Introduction to Present Value
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4LSktB7Pk_c Present Value 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nScQsMmohZ0 Time value of money calculations using the TI BAII Plus calculator – part 1
Campbell, J. Y., & Shiller, R. J. (1987). Cointegration and tests of present value models. Journal of political economy, 95(5), 1062-1088.