USA: +1 (725) 712-1730 
Sign in
Quality Parts Company supplies gizmos for a computer manufacturer located a few miles away. The company produces two different models of gizmos in production runs ranging from 100 to 300 units.
The production flow of models X and Y is shown in Exhibit 12.14. Model Z requires milling as its first step, but otherwise follows the same flow pattern as X and Y. Skids can hold up to 20 gizmos at a time. Approximate times per unit by operation number and equipment setup times are shown in Exhibit 12.15.
Demand for gizmos from the computer company ranges between 125 and 175 per month, equally divided among X, Y, and Z. Subassembly builds up inventory early in the month to make certain that a buffer stock is always available. Raw materials and purchased parts for subassemblies each constitute 40 percent of the manufacturing cost of a gizmo. Both categories of parts are multiple-sourced from about 80 vendors and are delivered at random times. (Gizmos have 40 different part numbers.)
Scrap rates are about 10 percent at each operation, inventory turns twice yearly, employees are paid on a day rate, employee turnover is 25 percent per year, and net profit from operations is steady at 5 percent per year. Maintenance is performed as needed.
The manager of Quality Parts Company has been contemplating installing an automated ordering system to help control inventories and to “keep the skids filled.” (She feels that two days of work in front of a workstation motivates the worker to produce at top speed.) She is also planning to add three inspectors to clean up the quality problem. Further, she is thinking about setting up a rework line to speed repairs. Although she is pleased with the high utilization of most of her equipment and labor, she is concerned about the idle time of the milling machine. Finally, she has asked the industrial engineering department to look into high-rise shelving to store parts coming off machine 4.
Questions
1) Which of the changes being considered by the manager of Quality Parts Company are counter to the lean philosophy?
2) Make recommendations for lean improvements in such areas as scheduling, layout, kanban, task groupings, and inventory. Use quantitative data as much as possible; state necessary assumptions.
Expert Answer
(1) Manager of Quality Parts Company has considered following changes
- Installation of an automated ordering system to help control inventories and to keep the skids filled.
- Keeping 2 days of inventory in front of every work station
- Introduction of three inspectors to eliminate quality issues
- Introduction of a new rework line to do the repair and rework in a faster pace
- Installation of high rise shelving inventory management system for storing output parts of machine 4
Benefits of effective implementation of lean manufacturing are reduction in waste, reduction in flow time, waste removal, improvement in efficiency and quality, cycle time and lead time are reduced.
The actions taken by the Manager to counter lean philosophy are not appropriate. Inventory pile up is a waste and this incurs loss to the company. Just in Time can be implemented to meet the customer demand without increasing the inventory.
Introduction of adding more inspectors and new rework line will increase cost of poor quality. This is against lean concept. Products are to be made correct in first time. Built in quality culture is to be implemented across the organization.
(2) Four concepts of lean philosophy are value, value stream, pull and perfection. Identifying the value, mapping the value stream across the company, flow creation, implementing the pull system and seeking perfection through continuous improvement. Key tools and techniques which are to be implemented are value stream mapping, kanban, 5S, Poka-Yoke, kaizen, TPM etc.
