Question & Answer: What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonding? Describe this in detail and use…..

Covalent bonding involves formation of a chemical bond between two atoms by sharing of electrons between them. It is formed between the atoms of nonmetals, having similar electronegativity.

Ionic bonding involves formation of electrovalent bond between two atoms due to exchange of electrons. It is formed between the atom of a metal and a nonmetal. The electron donor atom attains positive charge and the atom that receives electrons attains negative charge.

——————————————————————————————————-

Covalent bond has definite shape whereas ionic bond does not have definite shape. Compounds formed by covalent bond have lower boiling and melting points, whereas compounds formed by ionic bond have higher boiling and melting points.

——————————————————————————————————-

Compounds having covalent bonds are less polar than the compounds having ionic bond.

——————————————————————————————————-

Examples of compounds having covalent bonding are Methane (CH₄), chloroform (CHCl₃), oxygen gas (O₂), nitrogen gas (N₂) etc.

Examples of compounds having ionic bonding are sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄), Lithium chloride (LiCl), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), etc.