Question & Answer: What are the distinctive features of the Classical, Behavioural, and Integrative Schools of…..

1. Application of the scientific method to work in order to determine the best method for accomplishing each task.
2. Workers selected scientifically based on their qualifications and trained to perform their jobs in the optimal manner.
3. Genuine cooperation between workers and management exist based on mutual self-interest.
4. Management takes complete responsibility for planning the work and that workers’ primary responsibility should be implementing management’s plans.
5. Develop difficult but fair performance standards
6. Implement fair pay-for-performance incentive plan based on work standards.

ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT:

1. Management consists of functions, namely planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling.
2. Management is rigid and inflexible

BUREAUCRATIC MANAGEMENT.

1. Division of labor, hierarchy, formalized rules, impersonality, and the selection and promotion of employees based on ability.
2. Managers’ authority is based on the position held in the organizational hierarchy.

1. Focus on human behavior at work, interpersonal communication, and motivating and leading workers.
2. Worker and their needs is the prime focus.

BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE.

1. Focused on applying conceptual and analytical tools to the problem of understanding and predicting behavior in the workplace.
2. Focus on personality, attitudes, values, motivation, group behavior, leadership, communication, and conflict.

• 1. Simultaneous integration of communication and management knowledge.
  2. Goals do not directly focus on specific outcomes, but are concerned with relational development.
  3. Intermediate goals do not clearly lend themselves to an objective, measurable outcome. Rather, they pose a series of questions that are continually addressed. These questions (and many others) emphasize the importance of continuous individual organizational-societal evolution and g