Question & Answer: Distinguish personal, shared, espoused, and enacted values, and explain why values congruence is important……

VALUES are stable, evaluative beliefs that guide our preferences for outcomes or courses of actions in situations.

VALUE CONGRUENCE refers to how similar a person’s value hierarchy is to the value hierarchy of the organization, a co-worker, or another source of comparison

A second type of value congruence involves how consistent the values apparent in our actions (ENACTED VALUES) are with what we say we believe in (ESPOUSED VALUES).

In reality, values only exist within individuals. We call them “Personal Values”. However, groups of people might hold the same values, so we tend to ascribe these “Shared Values” to the team, department, organization, profession, or society.