ASSESSMENT OF CORRELATION BETWEEN CRANIAL BASE ANGLE AND
SKELETAL DYSPLASIAS
1
Farah Saleem 2
Zubair Hassan Awaisi 3
Shagufta Kanwal 4
Anam Akram
ABSTRACT
Cranial base growth effects the growth and rotation of entire viscreocranium. The cranial base
through its articulation with maxilla and mandible is thought to have an impact on anteroposterior
jaw positions.Although Scientific literature indicates a relation between deflection of cranial base
and skeletal discrepancies, various studies done on effect of cranial base growth on facial complex
seems to show conflicting results depicting both positive and negative correlation between the the
two entities.
The aim and purpose of this study, therefore, is to evaluate and assess the relationship and
correlation (if there is any ) between various skeletal malocclusion and angle of cranial base
.Cranial base angles (N-S-Ar)(N-S-Ba) were traced measured on lateral cephalograms of 100
patients with different horizontal skeletal dysplasias.
In this study no differences were recorded between cranial base deflection angles (NSAr and NSBa
) and three malocclusions groups I.
e. Class I ,II and III. This study did not find
has long been of interest to orthodontists as it
has crucial integrative and functional roles in
the skull, a lot of which are reflective of its
phylognetic history as being the ancient
component of vertebrate skull 6,8
.
1
BDS, Post Graduate Resident , Department
Of Orthodontics NID,Mubtan.
MCPS, Assistant Professor brain components and areas
of nasal and oral cavities 1
.The skull not only
protects and supports brain but also articulates
the cranium with both the jaws and to vertebral
column. Skull base also plays a role in
adaptations of neurocranium and
viscreocranium. 2,3
. It has a crucial role in
swallowing 21
. It also plays a major role in
influence on positions of both maxilla and
mandible and pattern of malocclusion is
related positivley with cranial base structures
as proposed by Bjork 2
and others. Although
cranial base develops majorly from
chondrocranium , it shows both neural growth ,
from sella upto foramen caecum , and somatic
pattern of growth type. . From 7-8 years growth
in
the anterior segment is majorly due to
enlargement of frontal sinus and remodeling at
nasion point. Whereas, posteriorly growth is
due to interstitial growth at spheno-occipital
synchondrosis.Cranial base center ,sella
turcica , forms anterior limb ( from sella to
nasion ) and posterior limb ( from sella to
basion) of cranial base ;forming an angle of
130 o
– 135 o
at sella..Growth in anterior part of
cranial base influences maxilla while
mandible due to its attachment is effected by
posterior cranial base growth. Given that it
would be wise to assume that the skeletal
pattern of a individual might be influenced by
cranial base morphology, and studies support
this ,14,15,16,17,8
. In his studies conducted on the
same topic Bjork 2
discussed the influence of
alterations in cranial base upon occlusion.
While Moss 5
showed a smaller cranial base
angle in subjects of class III malocclusion and
that of Hopkins et al 10
and other studies
showed greater angle in Class II subjects 8
,
there are studies reporting little or no such
correlation.
Evidence stating regional differences in
In the
view of above facts a study was conducted on
Group keletal Class I patients having
ANB 1
Group patients having
ANB