In the novel of Roberth Louis Stevenson, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a prominent example of the concept split-personality. In which the names Jekyll and Hyde are portrayed in the story: Jekyll, a kind, well-respected and intelligent scientist that has a good moral values, while Mr. Hyde is portrayed as evil, unpleasant in appearance and malevolent at all times. This novel stance to prove that good and evil coexist in human nature.
Likewise, in the novel written by William Golding, The Lord of the Flies is a concept of how to deal with good and evil.
In which in this novel, Ralph overcomes the evilness of Jack that tends the other boys to do things that are cruel, because of Jacks evil intentions.
Throughout the history of human endeavor, many theologians and philosophers have tried to puzzle the origin of evil. Accordingly, the Dictionary of Philosophy (Penguin, 1999) tells us that there is evil in the world: bad things happen to people, and people do bad things.
Likewise In the book History of the Devil, by Paul Carus, [1900], states that THIS WORLD OF OURS is a world of opposites. There is light and dark, there is heat and cold, there is good and evil, there is God and the Devil.
In the Bible, Genesis 3 we find the account of a being in the form of a serpent (Satan) who deceived Eve, the first woman to disobeys God. Satan is the account of being who is capable of deceiving the whole world and the root of all evil (Revelation 12:9).The Bible makes it clear that each of us is a sinner by nature as well as by choice. We are sinners naturally and deliberately. Apostle Paul affirmed that none is righteous, and that all have sinned and come short of the glory of God.
According to Psychology Today, being good is the capability to comprehend with other people, to feel compassion for them, and to put their needs before your own. If needed, sacrificing peoples own well-being for the sake of others. All of the saintly people in human history have these characteristics. Like Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King who risked their own safety and well-being for the goal of gaining equal rights and freedom for Indians and African Americans. These were human beings with an empathy and compassion which sacrifice their own ambitions or dreams. There can be no good without evil because people will make mistakes and be tempted to do evil. Yet they can only be good by voluntarily choosing to be good.
In psychology good and evil is a dualistic concept of nature. In the book History of the Devil, by Paul Carus, [1900], the dualistic concept of nature has been a necessary phase in the evolution of human thought. Everywhere you look there is dichotomy of nature: male and female, lightness and darkness, life and death, black and white, etc. This dichotomy or dualistic of nature, according Tom Zembruski of his article, Good and evil: 2 Sides of the Same Coin, it is to create balance or homoeostasis. According to the article written by Kendra Cherry entitled, How homeostasis Works Homeostasis refers to the body’s need to reach and maintain a certain state of equilibrium. One prominent theory of human motivation, known as drive reduction theory by behaviorist Clark Hull and that is further developed by his collaborator Kenneth Spence. Suggests that homeostatic imbalances create needs. This need is to restore balance drives people to perform actions that will return the body to its ideal state. According to the theory, the reduction of drives is the primary force behind motivation for doing something.
According to the article by Kendra Cherry, human personality is complex and has more than a single component in which in her study which she proposes the three basic components of human personality which are the id, ego, and superego in accordance to Freuds theory. According to Sigmund Freud In his structural theory of personality, personality is composed of three elements. These three elements of personality known as the id, the ego, and the superego work together to create complex human behaviors.
Each component not only adds its own unique contribution to personality, but all three elements interact in ways that have a powerful influence on each individual. Each of these three elements of personality emerges at different points in life.