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English 1150 Formal Outline Example ATV Usage
I. Introduction
a. Strategy: Narrative
i. Offer recount of personal experience with protestors and family
ii. Offer (informal research) news story about ATV users helping with the
environment
iii. All of the above functions as refutation
b. Objective a dvanced thesis
i. Usage of all -terrain vehicles should be limited on public lands in
Alberta because they cause unnatural erosion , contribute to forest
fires , and create excessive noise .
II. Subtopic 1 Un natural erosion
a. Body paragraph 1 Erosion and waterways
i. Topic sentence erosion and rainwater negatively affects waterways
1. Formal Research: (Simpson, 2016) Alberta Study on rock/mud
slides.
a. Page 4 offers s pecifics about water displacement due to
quad trails and the statistical number of mud and rock
slides being caused.
2. Formal Research: (Dell, 2015) Similar B.C. study , offering
specific data about water displacement
a. This study looks at new ponds and streams bei ng
formed by quad trails.
b. Page 2 offers specific measurements of water levels of
old waterways and levels of newly created waterways.
3. Formal Research: (Marlow, 2017) Montana study that
supports the above research.
a. This study examines mostly streambeds and the
direction of streams.
b. Page 8 offers detailed data about the redirection of
water via quad trails.
ii. Concluding statement Examining data collected in Alberta, BC and
Montana, it is evident that quads cause unnatural erosion that
negatively affects natural waterways.
III. Subtopic 2 Forest fires
a. Body Paragraph 2 Forest fires caused by ATVs
i. Topic sentence, including transition ATVs cause forest fires
1. Formal Research: (Da wson, 2015) Examination of tail pipe and
engine leak fires
a. Pages 1 -3 offer a detailed analysis of temperature of
ATV exhaust systems and leaking liquids, along with
combustion temperatures of vegetation.
b. Pages 4-6 offer a statistical analysis of a number of fires
throughout Western Canada. There are specific
numbers relating to fires outside and i nside of known
ATV areas.
2. Formal Research: (Banyon, 2016) Similar study to above
a. This study cites data from the Alberta Government,
which supports the findings from Dawson s study .
b. Page 4 has a good chart with specific data about
Western Canada.
ii. Concluding statement Evidence from both the academic community
and the government supports that ATVs are a significant fire risk.
IV. Subtopic 3 noise
a. Body paragraph 3 Noise and wildlife bears
i. To pic sentence, including transition ATVs cause excessive noise,
which affects bear habitat
1. Formal Research: (Kim, 2013) Alberta/ BC study examining
bear territory
a. Page 4 offers statistical information about bear territory
in the region and how areas congested with ATVs causes
bears to cross into other territories, which involves
fighting and deaths
2. Formal Research: (Brady, 2015) Alaskan study about grizzly
activity due to human encroachment.
a. Page 12 has two par agraphs specifically about ATVs and
back -country recreation. The second paragraph has
statistics about grizzly migration issues.
ii. Concluding statement Data from both Western Canada and Alaska
supports that ATVs negatively affect bear migration, o ften to the point
of death.
b. Body paragraph 4 Noise and humans
i. Topic sentence, including transition ATVs disturb local residents
1. Formal Research (Zin, 2016) Alberta study about public
opinion
a. Page 13 offers statistical data about those who use
public lands for other recreational purposes. Data shows
they find ATV noise offensive.
2. Formal Research (Nagy, 2013) BC study about ATVs around
small communities
a. Page 2 offers survey data about those who l ive in
several small communities. There is a chart of data that
concludes a majority would rather not hear ATVs
b. Page 3 offers decibel levels and a comparison to other
sounds that might be as loud. There is a significant
number of residents t hat have to endure high volumes
of noise.
3. Formal Research ( Anders, 2015) Study that looks at
government data on public land use
a. This summative study offers specific statistical data
about complaints from the public about the noise of
ATVs.
ii. Concluding statem ent Many of those who do not participate in ATV
use are negatively affected due to the high level of noise created.
V. Conclusion
a. Revisit strategy used in introduction to maintain interest
i. Revisit the personal experience, but with a new outlook.
ii. Revisit the (informal research) news article but with a slight critical
view
b. Revisit subtopics
i. Offer a sentence or two summarizing the research supporting
problematic erosion.
ii. Offer a sentence or two summarizing the research supporting forest
fires.
iii. Offer a sentence or two summarizing the research supporting
excessive noise.
c. Conclude the essay
i. Paraphrase my simple thesis (overall argument)
