CHAPTER I
Introduction
Background of the Study
Televisions are prominent items every household has. On average, 2.3 television sets are present in American homes as of 2015 and has been growing since 1947 counting to only thousands (Berry and Woodward, 2017). However, its psychosocial effects are not seen immediately and stays dormant only to reappear later in life, especially on children in their adolescence. Hereby, people watching 1-3 hours of television a day the average time spent by an individual experience long-term psychosocial effects such as delayed verbal skill particularly on children, addiction, anxiety, irritability and an increase aggressive behavior (Takeuchi, 2013; Patel, 2018; Mestel, 2008; Wilson, 2018).
However, its relevance to the community has declined over the past consecutive years in a global scale. According to media data analysts Zenith Optimedia (2019), people watch television on an average of 168 minutes worldwide in 2018, a difference from 170 minutes in 2017.
Although in a national scale, Philippines remains its daily television consumption which increased by 5% since 2014 96.6% in 2016 while 91.2% in 2014 (CNN, 2017) denoting its constant relevance to Philippine society.
Generally, TV networks such as Alto Broadcasting System – Chronicle Broadcasting Network, commonly known as ABS-CBN and Global Media Arts (GMA) contributes to these growing numbers as they are Filipinos most subscribed channels in free Philippine television.
Consecutively, a case study conducted by Philippine Entertainment Portal (PEP.ph) as correspondent James Patrick Anarcon (2018) shows how filipino tv shows are produced including how it managed to shape Philippine pop culture over the years. In this study, cultivation theory is believed to influence viewers wherein television itself does not directly influence culture but rather, its audiences thoughts, opinions, and perceptions which are also factors to consider when extending or cutting shows aired on TV (Phan, 2018).
Meanwhile, a self-report survey about levels of aggression revealed that students in private institutions had higher levels of aggression compared to students in public schools (Campano, 2013), the same goes with on-job-training students as relational aggressiveness exists as well. This conveys that aggressiveness among Filipinos are already constant.
However, this psychosocial effects cause is undetermined. Although there are a lot of factors that may contribute to aggressiveness, TV series as an isolated factor has limited literature especially in the context of Filipino youth.
Therefore, the purpose of the study is to investigate the association between Filipino TV series with aggression.
Statement of the problem
The research study aims to determine whether or not Filipino TV series correlates with aggression among senior high school students.
Moreover, the researchers want to ascertain the following questions;
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of
a) Age
b) Sex
c) Socio-economic status
2. What Filipino TV series genre are often watched by the respondents?
3. Is there a significant relationship aggression and watching Filipino TV series among E.T.T.M.N.H.S senior high school students?
Scope and Limitations
This study will mainly focus on identifying the correlation between Filipino TV Series and aggression among students. The respondents will be senior high school students from year 2019-2020 in Emiliano Tria Tirona Memorial National Highschool located at Gahak, Kawit Cavite. The researchers will concentrate on students aged 17-21 years old. In accordance, Filipino TV Series that are displayed on other media platforms but are not seen in television are disregarded wherein, are limited to ABS-CBN and GMA networks only. The Filipino TV Series which occurred in the year 2018-2019 will only be included. However, news and entertainment shows, weekend series such as talk shows, and weekend TV series will be disregarded. TV show genres that does not revolve drama, action and romance are excluded as well.
Significance of the Study
This study hopes to investigate the relationship between Filipino TV Series and aggression. Specifically, the study could be of importance to students and the youth for media content awareness and responsible viewing. In addition, TV networks will also be one of the beneficiaries as the result will raise an awareness to the content directors whether what type of genre and context they will show onscreen. Also, the result and ideas presented may be used as a reference or basis data for the future researchers in their new existing research.